Constrained Wrapped Least Squares: A Tool for High-Accuracy GNSS Attitude Determination

Attitude determination is a popular application of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS). Many methods have been developed to solve the attitude problem with different performance offerings. We develop constrained wrapped least-squares (C-WLS) method for highaccuracy determination. This approach built on an optimization model that leverages prior information related antenna array and integer nature carrier-phase ambiguities in innovative way. The proposed adopts efficient search strategy estimate vehicle’s parameters using ambiguous observations directly, without requiring ambiguity fixing. evaluated via simulations experimentally utilizing data collected multiple GNSS receivers. simulation experimental results demonstrate excellent performance, outperforming function method, LAMBDA multivariate methods, three prominent algorithms.